PRUTITUS ANI
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Pruritus ani (also known as anusitis) is the irritation of the skin at the exit of the rectum, known as the anus, causing the desire to scratch. The intensity of anal itching increases from moisture, pressure, and rubbing caused by clothing and sitting.
Causes
1. Avoid tea, cola, energy drinks, chocolate, citrus fruits, tomatoes, spicy foods, beer, dairy products and nuts can cause pruritus ani
2. Sexually transmitted infections may involve the anus and cause anal itching.
3. Foods and detergents or soaps can cause anal itching.
4. Practicing appropriate, nonirritating hygiene (i.e., not too little but not too vigorous, avoiding strong soaps and chemicals) and decreasing local moisture can h Possible causes of anal itching include:
5. Avoid tea, cola, energy drinks, chocolate, citrus fruits, tomatoes, spicy foods, beer, dairy
products and nuts can cause pruritus ani6. Sexually transmitted infections may involve the anus and cause anal itching.
7. Foods and detergents or soaps can cause anal itching.
8. Practicing appropriate, nonirritating hygiene (i.e., not too little but not too vigorous, avoiding strong soaps and chemicals) and decreasing local moisture can help alleviate symptoms.
9. Occasionally, itching may also be psychogenic (symptoms arise from the mind, as opposed to another organ) other potential causes of irritation include moisture from sweat, stool and mucus.
10. Coffee consumption may lower the anal resting pressure (normal strength of muscle contraction at rest) and contribute to anal leakage of stool.
11. Pinworms in children and hygiene-related issues in adults are common causes
12. Bacterial skin infections, fungal infection , parasitic infections with pinworms or scabies, and viral infections with anal warts and psoriasis or contact dermatitis can cause pruritus ani
13. Medical diseases that affect the entire body may also cause pruritis ani. The examples include diabetes mellitus, anal tumours, leukemia and lymphoma, kidney failure, liver diseases (obstructive jaundice), iron deficiency anemia, or hyperthyroidism.
Symptoms
1. When anal itch is an irritating sensation around the anus that is relieved temporarily by scratching or rubbing. The problem is often worse at night and may interfere with sleep. In most cases, the skin in the area is red.
2. If anal itch becomes a chronic (long-term) problem, the skin around the anus may become raw and tender from repeated scratching, or it may thicken and become leathery. Repeated scratching also can cause breaks in the anal skin that can lead to painful local infections.
3. Anal itching may be associated with redness, burning and soreness. The itching and irritation may be temporary or more persistent, depending on the cause.
If treating anal itch yourself doesn't relieve the itch after three to four weeks, advice to your doctor.
When to recommend a doctor
Persistent Most anal itching doesn't require medical care. Go to your doctor if:
Treatment
1. In most cases, anal itch can be treated by:
2. Thoroughly but gently drying the anal area after every bowel movement, using unscented toilet paper, a clean cloth towel or a hair dryer if necessary.
3. Dusting the anal area with non-medicated talcum powder between bowel movements, or laying a clean square of cotton gauze against the anus to absorb any excess moisture.
4. Resisting the urge to scratch, no matter how itchy the area becomes. The itch will pass, or at least decrease in intensity, over a short time, but the more you scratch, the longer it will take for the itching to go away.
5. Applying topical remedies such as zinc oxide or hydrocortisone ointment (1 percent) on a regular schedule, or as needed, to help you avoid scratching.
6. Wearing soft cotton gloves while in bed if you scratch at night or in your site
Prevention
1. Practice good anal hygiene — when possible, gently cleanse the anal area after every bowel movement by using wet toilet paper (unscented and dye-free) or a wet washcloth. Wipe gently or blot the area. Never rub or scrub. If you are in a public toilet, use dry toilet paper temporarily, then finish your cleansing regimen when you return home.
2. Use only water to clean the anal area, never soap.
3. Avoid using medicated powders, perfumed sprays or deodorants on the anal area.
4. Eat a sensible diet that is low in the foods and beverages known to cause anal irritation.
5. Wear cotton underwear that is not too tight.
6. If you are taking oral antibiotics, eat yogurt to help restore the normal ecology of your colon.
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